And harris p



(No Model.)

J. R. HAWLEY 8v H. P. HURST.

PROJBGTILE.

Patented Aug. 28, 1888.

UNITED STATES JOSEPH Rf. HAW'LEY, 0F HARTFORD, CONNCTICUT, AND HARRISIIURST,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF SUMMIT, MISSISSIPPI.

PROJ ECT ILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 388,413, dated August28, 1888.

Application filed October 10, 1887. Serial No. 251,955. (No mmh-l.)

To aU whom it 12mg concern,.-

Beit known that we, JOSEPH R. HAWLEY, residing at, l-lartt'ord, Hartfordcounty, Connecticut, and IIARms 1).,HURsT, residing at Summit, in thecounty of Pike and State of Mississippi, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements inlProjectiles, of which the following is aspecification, reference being hadthelein to the accompanying drawings.

This invent-ion relates to proj cctilcs for rilled guns.A Y'

The invention consists in the construction and combination ofthe partsconstituting the projectile.

The object of the invention is`to produce a projectile which will taketh'e riiling of the gun with eertainty,and in which the guidingsabotshall offer little resistance to the flight of the projectile; also toproduce a basehut-ning time-fuse which will beprotccted by the sabot.

Heretotore there has been ditliculty in producting a reliable time-fuseto apply to the base of a shell, owing largely to the fact that theintense heat ot' the explosion of the firing charge in the gun willcause too rapid eombustion of the fuse-charge. This objection is largelyor entirely overcome in this invention by the tight-sealing sabot whichprotects the fuse-charge. It will thus be seen that there is a directco-operation between the sabot and the fuse employed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly sectioned, ot'aprojectile having detachable sabot. Fig. 2 is a similar view of aprojectile with det-aching-spring omitted. Fig. 3 is an elevatioiiof oneof the rings ot the sabot. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal central section of ashell with sabot and fuse applied. Fig. 5 is a similar section ot' amodieation. Fig. 6 is a plan of the time-regulating plug of the shell.Fig. 7 is a side elevation, partly sectioned, of the same.

A indicates the body of the projectile or' shell. This part of theprojectile is of any usual form. The projectile has a sabot composedexternally of a series of washers, B, of leather, compressed paper, orsimilar material. These Washers B are applied to a. central corepieee,C, (of metal by preference,) and detachable from the body A of theprojectile. The

the ritling.

core-piece may enter ahole in the body ofthe projectile, asin Figs. 1and 2, or thecore-piece may be cupped and serve as a cover to aprojecting teat at the base ot' the projectile, as 1n Figs. 4 and 5.This reversal of parts is considered an equivalent .construction Theremay be a spring, D, interposed between the core-piece and the projectilewhere the taper of the core-piece is not great enough to cause the sabotto drop from 4the projectile by the resistance olered by the atmosphereduring the Hight of the projectile. The core-piece may be surrounded bythe layer' E, of oiled paper or Similar material, to prevent Abindlngand avoid the necessity of a fine finish to the metallic surfaces. Thedisks B are ot' such di 'ameter as to fill the bore of the'gun and takeThe disks will prevent the flash of the explosion reaching forward pastthe base of the projectile,aswell as cause the projectile to rotate asthe disks take the'ritling.

The eorepiece G may be a little out of true,

or may be of any form that will engage the projectile in such manner asto cause the two lto rotate together. Y

As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a time-fuse 1s placed in front of thecore-piece C, and the forward movement of the core-piece; when theexplosion takes place, ignites this fuse through the explosion of afnlminate-cap, F. The core C may be held against accidentalexploslon ofthe cap by a pin, G, which locks the core and projectile together, butis sheared off by the shock of the explosion and move forward.

In front of the cap F there is 'a channel, H, leading to thecharge-chamber M of the projectile. This channel is cut oil by a plug,I. which has a groove, K, running nearly around permits the core to itsouter surface in line with channel H. The groove K communicates with achannel, L, running to the center of theplug, and so to aconnection withthe bursti ng charge. Thegroove K is filled with slow-burning powder,which may be covered with a lilm of collodion or a sheet of foil orprepared paper.` The plug I is held in its seat in a hole crossing' the`channel H by means of a cap, N. The plug can be turned by a'screw-driver or other instrument, so that any part of the groove K canbe brought IOO opposite the passage li. An index on the outer endol'plug I enables the gunner to distinguish the position of the groove Kwith relation to the channel I[. When the plug is'turned so that thechannel'II is in line with the end ol ness by the turning ol' the plugI, the distance between the channel H and passage L to be burneddetermining the time after firing the gun before the explosion ot' theshell.

The charge in channel II may be small. just enough to ignitethe fusecomposition in ehannel K; but by increasing this charge the cseaping gaswill tend to blow the sabot/from the projectile after the pressure ofthe firingcharge ceases, the escaping gas thus assisting the spring D tofree the projectile from the sabot. In any case the charge in channel Hwill be too small to drivein the slow-burning powder in groove K, asmight happen if the charge in the gun were in conn'nunieation with thefuse-powder.

l. Theeombinaton, with a projectile having a movable sabot, of a cap infront of the sabot and a time-fuse having a revoluble plug; l=e

tween the cap and bursting charge, said plug having a. time-charge in agroove in front of the cap, substantially as described.

2. The eombinatiom'with the projectile, of the movable sabot consistingof a central core surrounded by rings, a pin connecting the core andbody of the projectile, a cap in front of the core-piece, and atime-fuse having a. revoluble plug provided with a burning chargeconnecting the cap and bursting chargcof the shell, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination, with a. projectile, ringsabot, and eore-pieee onwhich the rings are mounted, ol' a. pin connecting the core and sabot insuch manner that the pin is sheared ot't'in tiri ng the gun,substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a projectile, of' a sabot consisting,essentially, ol" rings or washers, the rings gradually increasing indiameter from front to rear, substantially as shown.

5. The combination, with a projectile, of a series of leather washersgradually increasing in diameter toward the rear and surrounding acorepiece. said core-piece being attached to the projectile.substantially as described, so as to compel the rotation of theprojectile.

In testimony whereof we affix oursignat ures in pre ence of twowitnesses.

JOS. R. HAVLEY. HARRIS P. HURS'I. Witnesses:

W. A. BARTLETT, JOHN N. WALKER.

